NuttX-7.21 Release Notes

The 121st release of NuttX, Version 7.21, was made on June 6, 2017, and is available for download from the Bitbucket.org website. Note that release consists of two tarballs: nuttx-7.21.tar.gz and apps-7.21.tar.gz. These are available from:

https://bitbucket.org/nuttx/nuttx/downloads
https://bitbucket.org/nuttx/apps/downloads

Both may be needed (see the top-level nuttx/README.txt file for build information).

Additional new features and extended functionality:

* Core OS:

  - pthread rwlocks:  Add an implementation for read/write locks
    (rwlocks) into the pthread library.  These locks are writer
    priority, such that if any writers come in they are given priority
    for writing.  From Mark Schulte.
  - pthread robust mutexes:  Implement robust mutex support:
    pthread_mutex_lock() and trylock() will return EOWNERDEAD if the
    mutex is locked by a thread that no longer exists.  Add
    pthread_mutex_consistent() to recover from this situation.  Keep
    list of all mutexes held by a thread in a list in the pthread's TCB.
    When pthread exits or is cancelled, mutexes held by thread are
    marked inconsistent and the highest priority thread waiting for the
    mutex is awakened.  There is a configuration option to (a) support
    only robust mutexes, (b) support only traditional unsafe mutexes,
    or (c) Support both unsafe and robust mutexes via
    pthread_mutexattr_get/setrobust().
  - pthread cancellation points:  Add logic to disable cancellation
    points within the OS.  This is useful when an internal OS function
    that is NOT a cancellation point calls an OS function which is a
    cancellation point.  In that case, irrecoverable states may occur if
    the cancellation is within the OS. From Juha Niskanen.
  - clock:  Add clock_resynchronize and use subseconds RTC.  Add
    clock_resynchronize for better synchronization of CLOCK_REALTIME and
    CLOCK_MONOTONIC to match RTC after resume from low-power state.  Add
    up_rtc_getdatetime_with_subseconds under
    CONFIG_ARCH_HAVE_RTC_SUBSECONDS to allow initializing (and
    resynchronizing) system clock with subseconds accuracy RTC.  From
    Jussi Kivilinna.
  - clock:  Add new type ssystime_t for relative 64-bit ticks, change
    ticks<->time conversion functions to use ssystime_t.  From Jussi
    Kivilinna.
  - clock:  Add testing for 32-bit overflow of 64-bit system timer.  From
    Jussi Kivilinna.

* File Systems/Block and MTD Drivers

  - drivers/mtd/w25.c:  Erase sector only if it is not in erased state.
    From Jussi Kivilinna.

* Graphics/Display Drivers:

  - drivers/lcd:  Extend st7565 driver to include support for the
    AQM_1248A.  From Masayuki Ishikawa.
  - drivers/lcd:  Add driver for Nokia 5110 (Philips PCD8544).  From Alan
    Carvalho de Assis.

* Networking/Network Drivers:

  - Extensive modifications to support wireless network (see below).
  - TUN driver:  Implement TAP (OSI layer 2) mode. Enable by setting the
    IFF_TAP flag instead of the IFF_TUN flag in ifr_flags.  From Thomas
    Keh.
  - Add user-space networking stack API (usrsock).  User-space
    networking stack API allows user-space daemon to provide TCP/IP
    stack implementation for NuttX network.  Main use for this is to
    allow use and seamless integration of HW-provided TCP/IP stacks to
    NuttX.  For example, user-space daemon can translate /dev/usrsock
    API requests to HW TCP/IP API requests while rest of the user-space
    can access standard socket API, with socket descriptors that can be
    used with NuttX system calls.  From Jussi Kivilinna.
  - net/:  Network driver now retains Ethernet MAC address in a union so
    that other link layer addresses may be used in a MULTILINK
    environment.

* Wireless Networking/Wireless Drivers:

  - BCM43362:  Support for Broadcom's BCM43362 WiFi chip was contributed
    by Simon Piriou as part of the port of the Particle Photon board.
    Only station functionality is available at present.  This work
    includes not on the WiFi driver, but the support Particle Photon
    board, the infrasture for IEEE 802.11 FullMAC networking including
    the network device interface, WiFi configuration, AP scanning and
    authentication and association with an AP.
  - IEEE 802.11 networking tools and support.
  - IEEE 802.15.4 MAC support.  This is an effort that was started some
    time back by Sebastien Lorquet (with some help from Matte Poppe).
    Recently, Anthony Merlino has taken on this effort and has made
    some significant progress.  Using the Microchip MRF24J40 module with
    the Mikroe Clicker2-STM32 board along with a PC-based IEEE 802.15.4
    sniffer, Anthonly has verified correct transmittion and receipt of
    basic frames.
  - Microchip MRF24J40: As mentioned above, this IEEE 802.15.4 radio
    driver is now basically functional.
  - IEEE 802.15.4 Network Driver:  A driver that interfaces the NuttX
    network with the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC has been developed but is still
    incomplete and has not been verified.
  - IEEE 802.15.4 Network Loopback Driver:  A simple IEEE 802.15.4 MAC
    loopback driver was developed.  This driver allowed for parallel
    development of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC and 6loWPAN.
  - 6loWPAN:  The Contiki 6loWPAN stack has been ported so that works
    within the NuttX networking framework and interfaces with the new
    IEEE 802.15.4 MAC via the network driver.  Live testing with
    IEEE 802.15.4 radios has not yet been done; all testing has used
    the loopback driver.  There are no known problems and the stack
    is ready for additional testing.
  - Add option to enable wireless debug output.

* Other Common Device Drivers:

  - Add entropy pool and strong random number generator.   Entropy pool
    gathers environmental noise from device drivers, user-space, etc.,
    and returns good random numbers, suitable for cryptographic use.
    Based on entropy pool design from *BSDs and uses BLAKE2Xs algorithm
    for CSPRNG output.  Patch also adds /dev/urandom support for using
    entropy pool RNG and new 'getrandom' system call for getting
    randomness without file-descriptor usage (thus avoiding file-
    descriptor exhaustion attacks). The 'getrandom' interface is similar
    as 'getentropy' and 'getrandom' available on OpenBSD and Linux
    respectively.  From Jussi Kivilinna.
  - XBox One controller:  Adds USB host driver support for the XBox One
    controller.  Currently only the latest version (XBox One X)
    controller works.  The older XBox One controllers do not enumerate
    correctly.  From Brian Webb.
  - drivers/analog:  Add basic COMP driver.  From Mateusz Szafoni.
  - drivers/analog:  Add driver for the LTC1767L ADC.  From Martin
    Lederhilger.
  - drivers/analog:  Add basic OPAMP driver.  From Mateusz Szafoni.
  - drivers/sensors:  Add driver for ST HTS221 humidity sensor.  From
    Juha Niskanen.
  - drivers/sensors:  Add driver for ST LPS25H pressure sensor.  From
    Juha Niskanen.
  - drivers/sensors:  Add driver for ST LIS2DH accelerometer.  From Timo
    Voutilainen.
  - drivers/usbmisc:  Add driver for Fairchild FUSB301 USB type-C
    controller.  From Harri Luhtala.
  - RTC:  Add interface for check if RTC time has been set.  New
    interface allows checking if RTC time has been set.  This allows to
    application to detect if RTC has valid time (after reset) or should
    application attempt to get real time by other means (for example, by
    launching ntpclient or GPS).  From Jussi Kivilinna.
  - Buttons:  Change return value of board_buttons() and the type of
    btn_buttonset_t to uint32_t so that more than 8 buttons can be
    supported.
  - drivers/syslog:  Use monotonic clock for timestamp when available.
    From Jussi Kivilinna.
  - SPI:  Add an instance argument to the SPIDEV definitions.  Thus,
    instead of specifying a FLASH device, for example, as SPI_FLASH, you
    would now use SPI_FLASH(0) where the "instance" argument now
    distinguishes multiple FLASH devices on the same SPI bus.  From
    Sebastien Lorquet.
  - IOBs:  Move from net/iob to a better location in mm/iob where they
    can be shared outside of the networking logic.  Current also used
    by IEEE 802.15.4 MAC and by syslog (when buffering enabled).
  - syslog:  Add option to buffer SYSLOG output to avoid interleaving.
    Uses new shareable IOBs.  Additional logic to assure that the the
    write from the buffer is a single atomic write in normal debug
    output.
  - drivers/can:  Move CAN subsystem to its own directory and put device
    drivers there.  From Alan Carvalho de Assis.
  - drivers/can:  Add Microchip MCP2515 CAN Bus controller driver.  From
    Alan Carvalho de Assis.
  - drivers/audio:  Add cs43l22 audio driver.  From Taras Drozdovsky.
  - drivers/input:  Add Cypress MBR3108 CapSense touch button driver.
    From Juha Niskanen.

* Simulation

  - configs/sim/sixlowpan:  Configuration for testing the 6loWPAN with
    the IEEE 802.15.4 loopback network driver.

* Infineon XMC4xxx:

  - arch/arm/src/xmc4:  Initial, partial support for Infineon XMC4xxx.

* Infineon XMC4xxx Boards:

  - XMC4500 Relax:  Add basic board support infrastructure of Infineon
    XMC4500 Relax Lite v1.  Basic serial, LED, and button button support
    for a simple NSH configuration.  There are still stome remaining
    issues with serial communications.

* MicroChip PIC32MX Boards:

  - pic32mx7mmb:  Add support for the Pinquino toolchain.
  - pic32mx7mmb:  Add support for PROCFS file system.

* NXP Freescale Kinetis:

  - Kinetis:  Allow board to add pullups on SDHC lines.  From David
    Sidrane.
  - Kinetis:  Use optional BOARD_OSC_CR and BOARD_OSC_DIV in clock
    configuration.  From David Sidrane.

* NXP Freescale Kinetis Drivers:

  - Kinetis:  Add Timer PWM Module (TPM) to K66 chip.  From David
    Sidrane.
  - Kinetis:  Added HW flow control and termios.  From David Sidrane.
  - Kinetis:  Add ARCH_HAVE_I2CRESET.  From David Sidrane.

* NXP Freescale LPC43xx:

  - Add support for LPC4337FET256.  From Andreas Bihlmaier.

* STMicro STM32:

  - Change STM32 tickless to use only one timer.  From Konstantin
    Berezenko.
  - STM32 F7:  Add support for LSE RTC and enable RTC subseconds.  From
    Jussi Kivilinna.
  - STM32 L1: stm32l15xx_rcc:  Add support for using MSI as system
    clock. From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 L1:  stm32l15xxx_rcc: configure medium performance voltage
    range and zero wait-state when allowed by SYSCLK setting.  Zero
    wait-state for flash can be configured when:  (1) Range 1 and
    SYSCLK <= 16 Mhz, (2) Range 2 and SYSCLK <= 8 Mhz, or (3) Range 3
    and SYSCLK <= 4.2 Mhz.  Medium performance voltage range (1.5V)
    can be configured when SYSCLK is up to 16 Mhz and PLLVCO up to
    48 Mhz.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 F0: Add basic support for STM32F0.  From Alan Carvalho de
    Assis.
  - STM32 F0:  Add basic support for STM32F07x family.
  - STM32 L1: stm32l15xx_rcc: Allow board to configure HSE clock in
    bypass-mode.  Allows using MCO output from ST-link chip (on Nucleo
    and Discovery boards) as HSE input.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 L1: Add support for STM32L152CC, STM32L152RC and STM32L152VC.
    From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 F0:  Add support for HSI48.
  - STM32 L4:  Add support for the STM32L496XX family.  From Juha
    Niskanen.
  - STM32 L4: modularize Kconfig to support different product
    lines/families.  This is modeled after STM32F7. Idea is to declare
    each chip in Kconfig but allow for flash size override.  Commit adds
    many STM32L4_HAVE_XXX feature test macros.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 L4:  Separate SYSCFG into product line specific files for
    clarity.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 L4:  Add support for many new MCUs from the STM32L4X3XX
    product line.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 L4:  Add dbgmcu header files.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 F410:  Add support for STM32F410.  STM32F410 is a version of
    STM32F4 with 32 KB of RAM and 62 or 128 KB of flash.  From Gwenhael
    Goavec-Merou.

* STMicro STM32 Drivers:

  - SDIO:  Extensions to support the SDIO interface to the BCM43362 from
    Simon Piriou.
  - STM32 F2:  Add USB OTG HS support for stm32f20xxx cores.  From Simon
    Piriou.
  - STM32 F2, F4, and F7:  Add BOARD_DISABLE_USBOTG_HSULPI flag.  From
    Simon Piriou.
  - STM32 F33:  Move DMA logic to a separate files + add ADC support.
    From Mateusz Szafoni.
  - STM32 F3:  Add COMP support.  From Mateusz Szafoni.
  - STM32 F33:  Support for COMP character driver.  From Mateusz Szafoni.
  - STM32 F4:  Implement DMA support for the STM32F4 I2C.  From rg.
  - STM32 F7:  Add stm32 RNG support.  This is copied from stm32l4.
    Tested on STM32F746ZG board.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 L1:  Add STM32L162VE to chip.h.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 F4:  Add I2C3 SDA pin mapping for STM32F411.  From no1wudi.
  - STM32 L1:  stm32_flash:  Add EEPROM writing for STM32L15XX.  From
    Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 F7:  Serial:  Add interface to get uart_dev_t by USART number,
    stm32_serial_get_uart.  From Jussi Kivilinna.
  - STM32 F4:  Provide TIM5 definition for STM32F429.  From Matias v01d.
  - STM32 F0:  Add an untested port of the F1 USB device to the STM32F0.
  - STM32 F0:  Add support for the STM32F09X family.  From Juha
    Niskanen.
  - STM32 F0:  Initial cut at I2C driver.  Still a work in progress.
    From Alan Carvalho de Assis.
  - STM32 F33:  Add OPAMP support.  From Mateusz Szafoni.
  - STM32 L4: stm32l4_i2c:  Add I2C4 code.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 L4:  Add GPIO_PORTI definition.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 F7 Serial:  Allow configuring Rx DMA buffer size.  From Jussi
    Kivilinna.
  - STM32 L4:  Firewall for stm32l4x3xx.  Not tested for any product
    family, but now it at least compiles.  L496 devices can have one bit
    wider Volatile Data Segment.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 TIM:  Add method to get timer width.  Freerun timer: Use timer
    width to get the correct clock rollover point.
  - STM32 L4:  Add internal flash write support.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 L4:  Port stm32l4_serial_get_uart function from STM32F7.  From
    Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 Ethernet:  Add support for KSZ8081 PHY interrupts.  From
    Sebastien Lorquet.
  - STM32 F4:  Add I2S driver.  From Taras Drozdovsky.
  - STM32 L4:  Add IWDG peripheral.  This is the same as for STM32
    except that prescale and reload can be changed after watchdog has
    been started, as this seems to work on L4.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 F7:  Add SPI DMA support.  From Jussi Kivilinna.

* STMicro STM32 Boards:

  - Support for the Particle Photon board was contributed by Simon
    Piriou.  The Photon board is based on a STM32F205G MCU with and on-
    board BCM43362 WiFi chip that interfaces via the STM32's SDIO
    interface.  Board configuration support includes, in addition,
    buttons, LEDS, IWDG, USB OTG HS, and procfs support.  Configurations
    available for nsh, usbnsh, and wlan configurations.
  - Clicker2-STM32:  Support for the Mikroelektronika Clicker 2 for
    STM32 was added by Anthony Merlino.  This board, along with the
    MRF24J40 Click board is the platform used to deveop the IEEE
    802.15.4 support.  The boad configuration includes the MRF24J40
    intialization logic and SPI support.  Configurations exist for nsh,
    knsh, usbnsh, and mrf24j40-radio.
  - Nucleo_F334R8:  Add ADC example.  From Mateusz Szafoni.
  - Nucleo-F334R8:  Add COMP support.  From Mateusz Szafoni.
  - Nucleo-F334R8:  Use new COMP driver.  From Mateusz Szafoni.
  - Adds USB host support to stm32f411-disco board.  From Brian Webb.
  - Add stm32f0discovery board support.  From Alan Carvalho de Assis.
  - Nucleo-F072RB:  Add board configuration.
  - Nucleo-F334R8:  Add OPAMP support.  From Mateusz Szafoni.
  - Nucleo-F072RB:  Add support for the I2C driver used by I2C tools.
  - Nucleo-L496ZG:  Add nucleo-l496zg board files.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - Nucleo-F091RC:  Add nucleo-f091rc board files.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - Nucleo-L432KC:  Add nucleo-l432kc board files.  From Sebastien
    Lorquet.
  - Nucleo-L452RE:  Add nucleo-l452re board files.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - stm32f103-miniumum:  Add board support to use the Nokia 5110
    LCD display driver.  From Alan Carvalho de Assis.

* C Library/Header Files:

  - C library:  Add strerror_r().
  - C Library:  Add wcstoull(), swprintf(), wcstod(), wcstof(), wcstol(),
    wcstold(), wcstoul(), wcstoll() functions.  Add mbsnrtowcs() and
    wcsnrtombs() (just returning success).  Add mbtowc() and wctomb() to
    C++ std namespace.  From Alan Carvalho de Assis.
  - C Library:  Add ffsl(), ffsll(), fls(), flsl(), flsll() and use
    GCC's __builtin_ctz/__builtin_clz for faster implementation of these.
    From Jussi Kivilinna.
  - fixedmath:  Add square root and b32_t conversion operators.  From
    Jussi Kivilinna.
  - locale.h:  Add a bogus definition of locale_t.
  - C library:  Versions mbrlen and mbsrtowcs taken and adapted from
    FreeBSD code (at https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/).  From Matias
    v01d.

* Build/Configuration System:

  - Include C++ library in 'make export'.  From Alan Carvalho de Assis.
  - configs:  Remove all setenv.sh and setenv.bat files.  Remove all
    references to setenv.sh and setenv.bat from all config README files.
  - Kconfig/deconfigs:  Add CONFIG_ARCH_TOOLCHAIN_GNU to indicate that
    the toolchain is based on GNU gcc/as/ld.  This is in addition to the
    CPU-specific versions of the same definition.
  - Move prototype for up_cxxinitialize() from nuttx/include/nuttx/arch.h
    to apps/include/platform/cxxinitialize.h.

* Tools:

  - Add initialconfig.c so that perhaps in the future we will be able to
    use this to generate a new configuration from scratch (rather than
    having to derive new configurations from existing configurations).
    NOTE: Not yet intregated into the build system.

* NSH: apps/nshlib:

  - Added support for set [{+|-}{e|x|xe|ex}] [<name> <value>].  Set the
    'exit on error control' and/or 'print a trace' of commands when
    parsing scripts in NSH.  The settinngs are in effect from the point
    of exection, until they are changed again, or in the case of the init
    script, the settings are returned to the default settings when it
    exits.  Included child scripts will run with the parents settings and
    changes made in the child script will effect the parent on return.
    Use 'set -e' to enable and 'set +e' to disable (ignore) the exit
    condition on commands. The default is -e. Errors cause script to
    exit.  Use 'set -x' to enable and 'set +x' to disable (silence)
    printing a trace of the script commands as they are ececuted. The
    default is +x. No printing of a trace of script commands as they are
    executed.  From David Sidrane.
  - Print expanded variables if -x.  From David Sidrane.
  - ifconfig command:  Extend ifconfig to support 6loWPAN.  Adapt to
    some changes in configuration variable usage.
  - Network initialization:  If IEEE802.11 selected use wlan0 instead of
    eth0 for network device name.
  - Network initialization:  NSH now has configuration options to select
    the wireless properties.  It builds the configuration structure and
    passes this to wpa_driver_wext_associate() so that it will set the
    network as configured.
  - Network initialization:  Add a new option CONFIG_NSH_NETLOCAL that
    will suppress some built in operations and will support manual
    configuration of a wireless network through command line tools.

* Examples/Tests: apps/examples:

  - examples/xbc_text: Adds a test program for the XBox One controller
    driver.  From Brian Webb.
  - examples/ostest:  Add a test of robust mutexes.
  - examples/ostest: Add tests for pthread_rwlock.  Adding tests to be
    used to verify the pthread_rwlock lock works.  From Mark Schulte.
  - examples/ostest:  Additional test for rwlock and one for cancel
    cleanup handlers.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - examples/usrsocktest:  Add application for USRSOCK testing.  From
    Jussi Kivilinna.
  - examples/nettest:  Adapt for use in testing 6loWPAN.
  - examples/nettest:  If doing loopback, but not using the official
    loopback device, then use the server should use the configured client
    IP address.
  - examples/udpblaster:  Several fixes to work with 6loWPAN.
  - examples/udpblaster:  Add logic to bind the local UDP socket to a
    well-known address.
  - examples/configdata:  Add stacksize and priority.  From Juha Niskanen.

* Network Utilies: apps/netuils:

  - netutils/netlib:  Add IEEE 802.11 wireless IOCTL wrappers.
  - netutils/netlib: Add a helper function to convert a string to a
    6loWPAN node address.
  - netlib and NSH: Add logic to get/set the IEEE802.15.4 PAN ID.
  - netutils/dhcpc:  Make the network device name a configuration
    option.  Was hardcoded to eth0 but may, instead, need to be wlan0.
  - netutils/dhcpc:  Remove hard-coded interface device.  Now passed as
    a parameter to dhcpc_open().  From Sebastien Lorquet.

* Wireless Utilies: apps/wireless:

  - wireless/wapi:   Port of Wapi wireless services.  The original
    depended on features not supported by NuttX:  Removed logic that
    depends on Linux netlink.  Removed functionality that depended on
    the Linux procfs:  This includes only 1) listing of available
    interfaces and 2) listing of all routes.
  - wireless/wapi:  Create command line Wapi application based on
    Wapi sample code.
  - wireless/wapi:  wpa_driver_wext_associate() now accepts a
    configuration parameter that can be used to specify the wireless
    properties.
  - wireless/wapi:  Add basic wapi_event_stream_extract implementation.
    From Simon Piriou.
  - wireless/ieee802154:  Add iwpan and i8sak tools.  iwpan is similar
    in concept to wapi.  From Anthony Merlino (i8sak was originally
    by Sebastien Lorquet).
  - wireless/ieee802154/libmac:  IEEE 802.15.4 MAC library.
  - wireless/wext:  Add drivers_wext from the WPA supplicant; Integrate
    into NSH.  From Simon Piriou.

* System Unitilities (apps/system)

  - apps/system/dhcpc:  Add a command to renew or establish a lease on an
    IPv4 address.
  - apps/system/ntpc:  Add a command to start or stop the NTPC daemon.
  - apps/system/ramtest: Make stacksize and priority conigurable.

* Platform-Specific Support (apps/platform)

  - apps/platform:  Create gnu/ subdirectory that contains the one and
    only GNU C++ initialization function.  Remove all other C++
    initialization functions.

Bugfixes. Only the most critical bugfixes are listed here (see the ChangeLog for the complete list of bugfixes and for additional, more detailed bugfix information):

* Core OS:

  - Priority inheritance:  When CONFIG_SEM_PREALLOCHOLDERS==0, there is
    only a single, hard-allocated holder structure.  This is problem
    because in sem_wait() the holder is released, but needs to remain in
    the holder container until sem_restorebaseprio() is called.  The call
    to sem_restorebaseprio() must be one of the last things the
    sem_wait() does because it can cause the task to be suspended. If in
    sem_wait(), a new task gets the semaphore count then it will fail to
    allocate the holder and will not participate in priority
    inheritance.  This fix is to add two hard-allocated holders in the
    sem_t structure:  One of the old holder and one for the new holder.
  - Priority inheritance:  sem_holder sem_findholder missing
    inintalization of pholder.  sem_findholder would fail and code
    optimization covered this up.  From David Sidrane.
  - Partial Fix priority inheritance CONFIG_SEM_PREALLOCHOLDERS=0.  From
    David Sidrane.
  - Priority inheritance:  sem_boostholderprio prevent overrun of
    pend_reprios.  The second case rtcb->sched_priority <=
    htcb->sched_priority did not check if there is sufficient space in
    the pend_reprios array.  From David Sidrane.
  - lp_worker:  Guard from pend_reprios overlow.  From David Sidrane.
  - Priority inheritance: Fixes improper restoration of base_priority in
    the case of CONFIG_SEM_PREALLOCHOLDERS=0.  The call to
    sem_restorebaseprio_task context switches in the
    sem_foreachholder(sem, sem_restoreholderprioB, stcb); call prior to
    releasing the holder. So the running task is left as a holder as is
    the started task. Leaving both slots filled thus failing to perform
    the boost/or restoration on the correct tcb.  This PR fixes this by
    releasing the running task slot prior to reprioritization that can
    lead to the context switch.  To faclitate this, the interface to
    sem_restorebaseprio needed to take the tcb from the holder prior to
    the holder being freed. In the failure case where sched_verifytcb
    fails it added the overhead of looking up the holder.  There is also
    the additional thunking on the foreach to get from holer to
    holder->tcb.  An alternate approach could be to leve the interface
    the same and allocate a holder on the stack of sem_restoreholderprioB
    copy the sem's holder to it, free it as is done in this pr and and
    then pass that address sem_restoreholderprio as the holder. It could
    then get the holder's tcb but we would keep the same sem_findholder
    in sched_verifytcb.  From David Sidrane.
  - Priority inheritance:  Fixes improper restoration of base_priority.
    From David Sidrane.
  - sem_holder:  Indexing error.  From David Sidrane.

      if (sem->holder[0].htcb != NULL || sem->holder[**1**].htcb != NULL)
  - realloc():  When realloc() has to fall back to calling malloc(), size
    including overhead was being provided to malloc(), causing a slightly
    larger allocation than needed.  Noted by initialkjc@yahoo.com.
  - scheduler:  Fix tg_flags check with GROUP_FLAG_NOCLDWAIT.  From Masayuki
    Ishikawa.
  - scheduler:  Fix CHILD_FLAG_EXITED in include/nuttx/sched.h.  From
    Masayuki Ishikawa.
  - binfmt/elf:  Fix offset value when calling elf_read() in
    elf_symname().  From Masayuki Ishikawa.
  - binfmt/elf:  Fix offset value when calling elf_read() in
    elf_sectname().  From Masayuki Ishikawa.
  - There can be a failure in IOB allocation to some asynchronous
    behavior caused by the use of sem_post().  Consider this scenario:
    (1) Task A holds an IOB.  There are no further IOBs.  The value of
    semcount is zero. Task B calls iob_alloc().  Since there are not
    IOBs, it calls sem_wait().  The value of semcount is now -1.  (2)
    Task A frees the IOB.  iob_free() adds the IOB to the free list and
    calls sem_post() this makes Task B ready to run and sets semcount to
    zero NOT 1.  There is one IOB in the free list and semcount is zero.
    When Task B wakes up it would increment the sem_count back to the
    correct value.  (3) But an interrupt or another task runs occurs
    before Task B executes.  The interrupt or other tak takes the IOB off
    of the free list and decrements the semcount.  But since semcount is
    then < 0, this causes the assertion because that is an invalid state
    in the interrupt handler. So I think that the root cause is that
    there the asynchrony between incrementing the semcount.  This change
    separates the list of IOBs:  Currently there is only a free list of
    IOBs.  The problem, I believe, is because of asynchronies due
    sem_post() post cause the semcount and the list content to become out
    of sync.  This change adds a new 'committed' list:  When there is a
    task waiting for an IOB, it will go into the committed list rather
    than the free list before the semaphore is posted.  On the waiting
    side, when awakened from the semaphore wait, it will expect to find
    its IOB in the committed list, rather than free list.  In this way,
    the content of the free list and the value of the semaphore count
    always remain in sync.
  - binfmt:  Fix .dtor memory allocation.  From Masayuki Ishikawa.

* File System/Block and MTD Drivers:

  - SmartFS:  If whence is SEEK_END, the file offset shall be set to the
    size of the file plus offset. Noted by eunb.song@samsung.com.
  - mtd/progmem:  Fix incorrect target address calculation.
    progmem_read/write() is incorrectly calculating the target address,
    expecting the offset argument is given in a block number. This is
    completely wrong and as a result invalid flash region is accessed.
    Byte-oriented read/write interfaces of mtd device accept the target
    address in a byte offset, not a block number.  From Heesub Shin.
  - procfs:  Fix wrong member IDs are displayed when 'cat
    /proc/<pid>/group/status'.  From Nobutaka Toyoshima.
  - procfs:  Fix incorrect uptime with CONFIG_SYSTEM_TIME64.  From
    Masayuki Ishikawa.
  - vfs/poll: round timeout up to next full tick.  Calling poll() with
    timeout less than half tick (thus MSEC2TICK(timeout) => 0) caused
    returning error with EAGAIN. Instead of rounding timeout down, value
    should be rounded up. Open Group spec for poll says:
    "Implementations may place limitations on the granularity of timeout
    intervals. If the requested timeout interval requires a finer
    granularity than the implementation supports, the actual timeout
    interval will be rounded up to the next supported value."  From Jussi
    Kivilinna.
  - mtd/config:  erase block between block read and write.  From Juha
    Niskanen.
  - mtd:  Build RAMTRON and AT45DB drivers only if selected.  From Juha
    Niskanen.
  - mtd/config:  Fix byte read interface test.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - mtd:  Fix some unallocated and NULL pointer issues.  rwb->wrflush and
    rwb->wrmaxblocks in rwbuffer could get unallocated values from
    ftl_initialize() in some configurations.  Also fixes related assert:

      up_assert: Assertion failed at file:rwbuffer.c line: 643

    that can happen with the following configuration:

      CONFIG_FTL_WRITEBUFFER=y
      CONFIG_DRVR_WRITEBUFFER=y
      # CONFIG_FS_WRITABLE is not set

    These problems are caused by CONFIG variable differences between the
    buffer layers. TODO: This is not a perfect solution. readahead
    support has similar issues.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - net procfs:  Fix buffer corruption and refactor netdev_statistics.c.
    From Masayuki Ishikawa.
  - FAT:  Fix 'Missing unlock' in fs_fat32.c.  From Masayuki Ishikawa.
  - VFS fdopen:  Add missing file stream flags clearing.  Clear file
    stream structure regardless of config options. Structure clearing is
    needed as previous use of stream list entry might leave fs_flags
    set.  From Harri Luhtala.
  - mtd/smart: Fix use of uninitialized variable.  From Jussi Kivilinna.
  - mtd/w25.c:  Enable short delay after sector/chip erase.  From Jussi
    Kivilinna.
  - mtd/config:  Add some error checks for I/O errors.  From Juha
    Niskanen.

* Graphics/Graphic Drivers:

  - net procfs:  Some long lines were being generated that cause buffer-
    related problems and corrupted output.

* Networking/Network Drivers:

  - Fixed wrong assert on udp dgram send.  From Pascal Speck.
  - TCP/IPv6: Fix a compile issue when IPv6, but not IPv4 is enabled.
  - net/socket/accept:  Fix building with CONFIG_NET_LOCAL_STREAM.  From
    Jussi Kivilinna.
  - Argument of network device IOCTL should be unsigned long, just as
    will all other IOCTL methods.
  - net/socket:  Fix cloning of local and raw sockets.  From Jussi
    Kivilinna.
  - TCP:  Wait for 3-Way Handshare before accept() returns.  From Simon
    Piriou.
  - TCP:  Send RST if applicaiton 'unlistens()' before we complete the
    connection sequence.
  - TCP:  An RST received during the 3-way handshake requires a little
    more clean-up.
  - IPv6:  Fix net_ipv6_pref2mask().  From Masayuki Ishikawa.
  - network IOCTL commands:  The only place in net/netdev/netdev_ioctl.c
    where the interface state should change is for SIOCSIFFLAGS.  The
    other ones .. SIOCSIFADDR, SIOSLIFADDR, SIODIFADDR ..  should not
    change the link state.  From Sebastien Lorquet.
  - TCP:  Fix tcp_findlistner() in dual stack mode.  From Masayuki
    Ishikawa.

* Common Drivers:

  - Fix as5048b by adding missing frequency parameter.  From Andreas
    Bihlmaier.
  - multiple fixes in nrf24l01 driver:  (1) signal POLLIN if there is
    already data in the FIFO, (2) send ETIMEDOUT to userspace after 2
    seconds if TX IRQ was not received, (3) handle FIFO overflow, (4)
    handle invalid pipes/empty FIFO, and (5) multiple cosmetics (missing
    static, duplicate define, missing \n).  From Leif Jakob.
  - input/mxt:  Prevent overriding i2c transfer return value.
    put_reg/get_reg function was overriding i2c transfer error code with
    i2creset return value, that lead to OK status although actual
    transfer failed.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - drivers/audio/wm8904:  WM8904 has same problem as that fixed by Juha
    Niskanen in the MaxTouch driver.
  - UART 16550:  Missing left parenthesis in function prototype.  This is
    Bitbucket Issue #41.
  - USBMSC:  Fix a wrong lun number issue.  From Masayuki Ishikawa.
  - drivers/i2c:  Fix compile issues if CONFIG_DISABLE_PSEUDOFS_OPERATIONS
    is enabled.
  - drivers/serial: I discovered a problem in the file
    drivers/serial/serial.c concerning the function uart_close(…). In the
    case that a serial device is opened with the flag O_NONBLOCK the
    function uart_close(…) blocks until all data in the buffer is
    transmitted. The function close(…) called on an handle opened with
    O_NONBLOCK should not block. The problem occurred with a CDC/ACM
    device.  From Stefan Kolb.
  - drivers:  Fix some bad NULL checks.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - drivers:  Rename newly introduced up_i2creset to I2C_RESET.  From
    Juha Niskanen.
  - drivers/bch:  BCH character driver bch_ioctl() always returns -ENOTTY
    for DIOC_GETPRIV command.  It should returns OK if DIOC_GETPRIV
    command succeeds.  From  EunBong Song.
  - Replace sprintf() with snprintf() in pipe.c.  From Nobutaka Toyoshima.
  - drivers/bch:  Fix 'Missing Unlock' in bchdev_driver.c.  From Masayuki
    Ishikawa.
  - button_upper:  Fix interrupt enabling for poll-events.  From Jussi
    Kivilinna.
  - drivers/{sensors,usbmisc}:  Fix uninitialized I2C frequency.  From
    Juha Niskanen.

* ARM:

  - Set EABI stack alignment for all ARM architectures (remove OABI
    code).  From David Cabecinhas.
  - Remove redundant interrupt stack coloring and OABI code.  From David
    Cabecinhas.
  - Fix off-by-one interrupt stack allocation in 8-byte aligned
    architectures.  From David Cabecinhas.

* ARMv6-M:

  - CONFIG_DEBUG_HARDFAULT should be available for Cortex-M0 too.

* Microchip/Atmel SAM3/4 Drivers:

  - SAM3/4:  Fixed configurations for TWI master.  Obviously an
    incomplete port from SAMA5.

* Microchip/Atmel SAMv7 Drivers:

  - SAMV7: Watchdog:  Fix Forbidden Window Value.  According the Datasheet
    the WDD Value is the lower bound of a so called Forbidden Window and
    to disable this we have to set the WDD Value greater than or equal to
    the WDV Value.  This seems to be a bug in the datasheet. It looks
    like we have to set it to a greater value than the WDV to really
    disable this Thing.  When triggering the Watchdog faster than the
    (very slow) clock source of the Watchdog fires, this Forbidden Window
    Feature resets the System if WDD equals to WDV.  This Changeset
    disables the Forbidden Window by setting the WDD Value to the Maximum
    (0xfff) Value possible.  From Frank Benkert.
  - SAMV7 EMAC:  Add conditional logic to account the fact that the
    SAMV71 has 6 rather than 3 queues after version 1.  From Ian McAfee.

* NXP/Freescale Kinetis Drivers:

  - Kinetis:  Fixed GPIO _PIN_OUTPUT_LOWDRIVE swapped with
    _PIN_OUTPUT_OPENDRAIN.  From David Sidrane.
  - Ensure interrupts are back on BEFORE running code dependant on
    clock_systimer.  From David Sidrane.
  - Kinetis k66, k64, k60, k40, k20: Pin mux configure all I2C signals as
    Open Drain.  The output structure of the GPIO for I2C needs to be
    open drain.  When left at the default, one can observe on a scope the
    slave contending with the push-pull during the ACK.  From David
    Sidrane.
  - Kinetis K66:  Fixed TMP2_CH1 definition.  From David Sidrane.
  - Kinetis K66:  Define ALT1 to match ref manual.  From David Sidrane.
  - Kinetis K66:  GPIO and pin mux cleanup.  From David Sidrane.
  - Kinetis ADC:  Various corrections and updates.  From David Sidrane.

* NXP/Freescale LPC43xx:

  - Add missing PINCONF_INBUFFER in several places of
    lpc4310203050_pinconfig.h.  From Andreas Bihlmaier.
  - Fix logic in preprocessor checks and correct arguments to
    lpc43_pin_config initialization.  From Andreas Bihlmaier.

* NXP/Freescale LPC43xx Drivers:

  - Fix logic error in lpc43_adc.  From Andreas Bihlmaier.
  - Use correct macro for irqid (fortunately both point to
    LPC43_IRQ_EXTINT+18).  From Andreas Bihlmaier.
  - Actually write modified value to register.  From Andreas Bihlmaier.
  - Increase number of supported PWM channels from 4 to 6.  From Andreas
    Bihlmaier.

* Silicon Labs EFM32 Drivers:

  - EFM32 I2C: Fix timeout calculation.  From Masayuki Ishikawa.

* STMicro STM32:

  - As discovered by dcabecinhas.  This fix assume the 8 byte alignment
    options for size stack size or this will overwrite the first word
    after TOS.  See
    https://github.com/PX4/Firmware/issues/6613#issuecomment-285869778.
    From David Sidrane.
  - STM32 F7:  In stm32_allocateheap.c There are 5 not 4 configurations.
    From David Sidrane.

* STMicro STM32 Drivers:

  - STM32, STM32 F7, STM32 L4:  OTG host drivers: Do not do data toggle
    if interrupt transfer is NAKed.  Sugested by webbbn@gmail.com.
  - Save elapsed time before handling I2C in stm32_i2c_sem_waitstop().
    This change follows the same logic as in previous fix to
    stm32_i2c_sem_waitdone().  It is possible that a context switch
    occurs after I2C registers are read but before elapsed time is saved
    in stm32_i2c_sem_waitstop(). It is then possible that the registers
    were read only once with "elapsed time" equal 0. When scheduler
    resumes this thread it is quite possible that now "elapsed time" will
    be well above timeout threshold. In that case the function returns
    and reports a timeout, even though the registers were not read
    "recently". Fix this by inverting the order of operations in the loop
    - save elapsed time before reading registers. This way a context
    switch anywhere in the loop will not cause an erroneous "timeout"
    error.  From Freddie Chopin.
  - STM32, STM32 F7, and STM32 L4:  Clone Freddie Chopin's I2C change to
    similar STM32 I2C drivers.  From David Sidrane.
  - STM32:  OTG host implementations of stm32_in_transfer() must obey the
    polling interval for the case of isochronous and interrupt endpoints.
  - STM32:  Fix erase sector number for microcontrolers with more than 11
    sectors.  Erase a sector from the second bank cause the bit 4 of SNB
    being set but never unsed, so trying to erase a sector from the first
    bank was acually eraseing a sector from the second bank.  From José
    Roberto de Souza.
  - STM32:  Make up_progmem thread safe.  Writing to a flash sector while
    starting the erase of other sector have a undefined behavior so lets
    add a semaphore and syncronize access to Flash registers.  But for
    the semaphore to work it needs to be initialized so each board needs
    call stm32_flash_initialize() on initialization, so to avoid runtime
    problems it is only using semaphore and making it thread safe if
    initialized, after all boards starts to call stm32_flash_initialize()
    we can remove the boolean and the check.  From José Roberto de Souza.
  - STM32:  Add workaround for flash data cache corruption on
    read-while-write.  This is a known hardware issue on some STM32 see
    the errata of your model and if you make use of both memory banks you
    should enable it.  From José Roberto de Souza.
  - STM32 Flash fixes.  From José Roberto de Souza.
  - STM32 Flash:  Missing unlock on F1 HSI off path.  From David Sidrane.
  - STM32 F4 I2C: I needed to use DS3231, I remember that in past it
    worked ok, but now for stm32f4xx is used another driver (chip
    specific, stm32f40xxx_i2c.c) and DS3231 driver doesn't work.  After
    investigating a problem I found that I2C driver (isr routine) has a
    few places there it sends stop bit even if not all messages are
    managed. So, e.g., removing stm32_i2c_sendstop (#1744) and adding
    stm32_i2c_sendstart after data reading helps to make DS3231 working.
    From  Alexander Oryshchenko; verified by David Sidrane.
  - STM32 F7 Serial:  Serial fix for dropped data:  (1) Revert the
    inherited dma bug from the stm32.  see
    https://bitbucket.org/nuttx/nuttx/commits/df9ae3c13fc2fff2c21ebdb098c520b11f43280d
    for details.  And (2) Most all CR1-CR3 settings can not be configured
    while UE is true. Threfore we make all operation atomic and disable
    UE and restore it's originalstate on exit.  From David Sidrane.
  - STM32 L1:  Fix IWDG and WWDG debug mode stop for STM32L15XX.  From
    Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 F7:  Fix UART7 and UART8 IFLOWCONTROL options.  From Jussi
    Kivilinna.
  - STM32 F7:  Add warning for RXDMA + IFLOWCONTROL combination.
    Combination of RXDMA + IFLOWCONTROL does not work as one might
    expect.  Since RXDMA uses circular DMA-buffer, DMA will always keep
    reading new data from USART peripheral even if DMA buffer underruns.
    Thus this combination only does following: RTS is asserted on USART
    setup and deasserted on shutdown and does not perform actual RTS
    flow-control.  Data loss can be demonstrated by doing long up_mdelay
    inside irq critical section and feeding data to RXDMA+IFLOWCONTROL
    UART.  From Jussi Kivilinna.
  - STM32 F7 Serial:  Do not stop processing input in SW flow-control
    mode.  From Jussi Kivilinna.
  - STM32 L4 DMA: Correct bad channel definition.  From Sebastien Lorquet.
  - STM32 F7:  Warn if no DMA2 configured when using ADC with DMA.  Also
    correct ADC channel numbers that DMA callback passes to upper half
    driver.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 F7 ADC:  Do not override ADCPRE_DIV when measuring
    internal voltage.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 L4:  Don't think these chips have DPFPU, DTCM or ITCM.  From
    Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 F7 Flash:  macro naming errors, there is no FLASH_CONFIG_F for
    F7.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 L4: stm32l4x6xx_pinmap:  Update I2C4 and DCMI pins.  From Juha
    Niskanen.
  - STM32 L4: stm32l4_i2c: change wrong macro to CONFIG_I2C_POLLED.  From
    Juha Niskanen.
  - Fix STM32F7 I2C interrupt handler.  From Jussi Kivilinna.
  - STM32:  Serial Allow configuring Rx DMA buffer size.  From David
    Sidrane.
  - STM32 CAN: I had the problem that the transmit FIFO size (= actual
    elements in FIFO) was slowly increasing over time, and was full after
    a few hours.  The reason was that the code hit the line
    "canerr("ERROR: No available mailbox\n");" in stm32_cansend, so
    can_xmit thinks it has sent the packet to the hardware, but actually
    has not. Therefore the transmit interrupt never happens which would
    call can_txdone, and so the size of the FIFO size does not decrease.
    The reason why the code actually hit the mentioned line above, is
    because stm32can_txready uses a different (incomplete) condition than
    stm32can_send to determine if the mailbox can be used for sending,
    and thus can_xmit forwards the packet to stm32can_send.
    stm32can_txready considered mailboxes OK for sending if the mailbox
    was empty, but did not consider that mailboxes may not yet be used if
    the request completed bit is set - stm32can_txinterrupt has to
    process these mailboxes first.  Note that I have also modified
    stm32can_txinterrupt - I removed the if condition, because the CAN
    controller retries to send the packet until it succeeds. Also if the
    condition would not evaluate to true, can_txdone would not be called
    and the FIFO size would not decrease also.  From Lederhilger Martin.
  - STM32 Serial:  Fix freezing serial port.  Serial interrupt
    enable/disable functions do not disable interrupts and can freeze
    device when serial interrupt is received while execution is at those
    functions. Trivially triggered with two or more threads write to
    regular syslog stream and to emergency stream. In this case, freeze
    happens because of mismatch of priv->ie (TXEIE == 0) and actually
    enabled interrupts in USART registers (TXEIE == 1), which leads to
    unhandled TXE interrupt and causes interrupt storm for USART.  From
    Jussi Kivilinna.
  - STM32 I2C:  Make private symbols static.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - STM32 L4 GPIO:  Put back EXTI line source selection.  From Juha
    Niskanen.
  - STM32 L4 RTC:  Store RTC MAGIC to backup reg, not to address zero.
    From Juha Niskanen.

* STMicro STM32 Boards:

  - Disable serial console on stm32f103-minimum usbnsh example project
    config. Devices enumerate after this change.  From Bob Ryan.
  - Nucleo-144:  Default for choice in Kconfig was not one of the
    possible choices.
  - Nucleo-F4X1RE User LEDS: Issue #51 reports compilation problems with
    stm32_userled.c.  Reported by Gappi92.

* TI Tiva Drivers:

  - Tiva I2C:  Correct an error in conditional compilation.
  - Tiva SSI:  Resolves issue 52 'Copy-Paste error in
    tiva_ssibus_initialize()' submitted by Aleksandr Kazantsev.

* C Library/Header Files:

  - C Library vsnprintf():  Fix precision for string formatting.  Fixes
    use of format precision to truncate input string.  From Jussi
    Kivilinna.
  - C Library vsnprintf():  If size is zero, then vsnprintf() should
    return the size of the required buffer without writing anything.
    From Jussi Kivilinna.
  - C Library netdb: in dns_query_callback, ret != -EADDRNOTAVAIL
    condition consumes error returns including EAGAIN in this case,
    dns query retransmission doesn't work.  From Ritajina.
  - C Library netdb:  Fix time info in lib_dnscache.c.  From Masayuki
    Ishikawa.
  - C Library netdb: Fix bugs in lib_gethostbynamer.c. This fix sets
    h_name in struct hostent returned by gethostbyname().  From Masayuki
    Ishikawa.
  - C Library Defect Workaround: replace '%6.6u' format with an
    equivalent '%06u'.  From Tomasz Wozniak.

* Tools

  - Fix mksyscall host binary name.  From Alan Carvalho de Assis.

* Applications (apps/)

  - Fix some calls to task_create():  argv[0] is the first parameter, not
    the name of the task.
  - Bitbucket Issue 5:  I found an unexpected behavior in apps/
    configuration generation. Adding external symbolic link in apps/
    directory and using Make.defs for Kconfig generation, Kconfig file
    has a wrong path in the source argument. It contains original dir
    path outside of the source tree instead path to sub-directory in
    apps/.  The problem is connected with make/system symbolic link path
    resolution.  Corrected by a patch submitted by Artur Madrzak with
    Issue 5.
  - apps/: Make more globals static to avoid name clashes.  From Juha
    Niskanen.

* NSH: apps/nshlib:

  - NSH library:  In nsh_argexand(), if CONFIG_NSH_ARGCAT is defined but
    CONFIG_NSH_CMDPARMS defined and/or CONFIG_DISABLE_ENVIRON not
    defined, then there is a situation that causes an infinite loop in
    the parser.  Noted by Freddie Chopin.
  - NSH library:  Fix building when CONFIG_NET_USRSOCK enabled with other
    link-layers.  From Jussi Kivilinna.
  - NSH library:  Fix some warnings about integer/pointer casts of
    different sizes (probably only effects 64-bit simulation).
  - NSH library:  Fix open flags in nsh_codeccmd.c.  From Masayuki
    Ishikawa.
  - I need to look at the registers that are at or around 0xe000ef90.
    Using mw and xd, I see that nsh does not support pointers greater
    than 0x7fffffff.  A quick look at the source shows that the pointers
    for those two commands are set with calls to strtol() rather than
    strtoul().  Changing the two pointer-setting instances to strtoul()
    fixes the problem, at least for my architecture/config.  From Ian
    McAfee.
  - NSH library: Fix a resource leak in cmd_hexdump().  From Nobutaka
    Toyoshima.

* Examples/Tests: apps/examples:

  - apps/examples/hidkbd:  Remove call to arch_usbhost_initialize().
    That is violation of the OS interfacing rules and will no longer be
    supported.  USB host should be initialized as part of the normal
    board bring-up logic as with any other devices and should not involve
    illegal calls from applications into the OS.
  - apps/examples/usbterm:  Removed because it is not very useful and
    because it can be configured to use an illegal call into the OS.
  - examples/mm: Fix Makefile.  Built-in was not being registered.
  - examples/hidkbd:  Add some missing configuration settings.
  - examples/random:  Avoid stack overflows.  From Juha Niskanen.
  - examples/nettest:  Fix an error in pre-processor expression.
  - examples/mtdpart:  Prevent part array overflow.  mtdpart examples
    create partions and allocate from 1 index not a 0 index to part[]
    array. This cause buffer overflow for part array.  This change fixes
    this problem.  From  EunBong Song.
  - examples/can:  Fix can example app to print data when
    CONFIG_EXAMPLE_CAN_READ is defined.  From Alan Carvalho de Assis.

* Network Utilies: apps/netuils:

  - Not a clean fix, but at least makes DHCP working with
    CONFIG_NETDEV_MULTINIC.  From Andreas Bihlmaier.
  - Ensure netlib will not be broken when setip will not bring the
    network up anymore.  From Sebastien Lorquet.

* CAN Utilies: apps/canutils:

  - Fix libcanard github download link to get it compiling correctly.
    From Alan Carvalho de Assis.
  - Fix to use the new canardInit() function.  From Alan Carvalho de
    Assis.

* System Unitilities (apps/system)

  - system/dhcpc:  Add missing argument of fprintf.

* Tools (apps/tools):

  - The dedicated windows tool at tools/mkkconfig.bat uses $APPSDIR,
    which is not a windows shell variable, and is left uninitialized, but
    in fact should be the current directory.  From Sebastien Lorquet.